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Fine motor development

התפתחות מוטוריקה עדינה

Fine motor development


Motor skills in themselves are a concept that expresses all of a person's voluntary movements, from infancy to old age. Gross motor skills are all of the gross movements we make - jumping, running, skipping, dancing, climbing on objects, etc., in contrast to fine motor skills, which focus on the fingers and the smallest and most minute actions performed using the small muscles in our bodies. It is a set of motor skills that require control of small groups of muscles, working to achieve motor precision and eye-hand coordination. Typically, only certain parts of the body (the palm and fingers) work in a limited area to execute the motor response. Visible fine motor skills begin as early as three months of age, when the baby first discovers his hands. In the initial stage (even before three months of age), the baby puts his hands in his mouth and discovers a new world, and then he extends them in an attempt to grasp objects. The motor development of our children in the first years of their lives has a significant importance and impact on how they function in adulthood. Many activities in daily life, such as holding utensils, cutting, dressing, buttoning, opening doors, drawing, are done using the palms of their hands, and they are what allow for play and more. Therefore, it is our duty as parents to make efforts to cultivate fine motor skills starting from infancy.


Factors that affect the baby's motor development

Fine motor development is not uniform in all children, each child develops at a different pace and reveals different types of motor abilities. There are children whose fine motor skills are excellent from infancy, and there are those who need improvement through work and encouragement. The difference in motor development among children is related to several factors such as: the child's gender, his age, how much he is exposed to fine motor activities and how much he practices them. In general, it can be said that fine motor skills in girls are more developed than in boys and they practice these skills more than boys due to their brain maturity.

Stages of fine motor development in infants

Fine motor skills begin to develop from the moment the baby comes into the world, when he moves and moves his various body parts. The movements are made by a conditioned reflex, with his hands in a fist position. Until the age of three months, the movements are involuntary, and then encounters with all kinds of objects in his immediate environment arise that constitute a stimulus for him to begin a voluntary action to achieve things. Starting at the age of four months, the baby brings his hands and feet closer to his body in a lying position, grabs objects and puts them in his mouth, interlaces his palms together, and the eye-hand connection continues to develop. Starting at the age of six months, dexterity with the hands improves and now the baby reaches for objects, grasps them even while moving them, holds a bottle and tries to bring it closer to his mouth. As soon as the baby stands up straight, the stimulation with the hands becomes more sensory and he understands that he can move with them, which helps fine motor skills gain momentum. At the age of one and a half, toddlers are already able to hold spoons and put them with food in their mouths, and they hold the handles of a cup and drink. Grasping and releasing objects becomes better, and they are able to build a tower of three or four cubes. Threading large beads into a cone and putting objects into a box are a favorite game for toddlers. They are able to hold paints and markers as early as one year old and scribble on pages. The grip improves until the child reaches the age of 10. From the age of two onwards, the drawings become more voluntary and clear. As the years of childhood pass, fine motor skills develop: pencils, markers, and pens are held with the fingers and not the entire palm, the child is able to hold scissors while opening and closing them.

How do you promote proper motor development from an early age?

When it comes to our children's development, all of us parents want to do our best to greatly improve our child's motor skills from the age of zero. Below are activities to develop children's motor skills, divided by age:
Age: Zero to six months Activity:
Lying on the stomach during waking hours, massaging and touching materials with different textures with both palms, offering toys and objects with different textures from different directions.
Age: Six months Activity:
Plays with dice, rattles, picks up an object with a finger and puts it in his mouth.
Age: Year Activity:
Moves objects, places an object inside a larger object, rearranges objects, knocks an object into an object.
Age: 2 years Activity:
Feeds himself with a spoon, holds a cup and drinks, holds a marker with the whole palm of his hand and draws.
Age: Three years Activity:
Puts on and takes off a coat, uses a fork, removes the wrapper from a stick of gum, wipes his hand with a towel, draws a circle and a square.
Age: Four years Activity:
Buttons buttons, washes hands, cuts with scissors, holds writing instruments like an adult, cuts with scissors.
Age: Five years Activity:
Dress independently, draw a cross, square, circle, and triangle, color within given frames, cut along given lines.
Age: Six years Activity:
Assembles a puzzle of 10 or more pieces, is successful in Lego games, cuts with scissors in coordination and fluency, is able to copy: circle, square, triangle, rectangle, cross, and rhombus.
At My Baby, we always care about the proper development of your children, so we have collected a wide variety of toys that contribute to the development of fine motor skills in your children, such as: toys with buttons, containers with lids that can be opened, simple musical instruments, a tower of cups, building a tower of cubes, matching a number to a quantity, matchbox assembly game, addition and subtraction puzzle, color and shape games.